Briefing Note on Draft National Intelligence Bill, 2082

On 1 August 2025, the Government of Nepal published the draft National Intelligence Bill, 2082, and invited public comments by 15 August 2025. The Bill seeks to strengthen national security and stability, prevent terrorism and organized crime, and enable the use of modern technology and scientific methods for intelligence gathering. Upon enactment, it will repeal the Special Services Act, 2042 (1985).

Digital Rights Nepal (DRN) has prepared a brief analysis paper examining the potential implications of this Bill for digital rights and civil liberties in Nepal. Key provisions of concern include:

• Broad powers granted to the National Investigation Department to conduct intelligence operations, covert missions, and surveillance within and outside Nepal.
• Authority to monitor and intercept communications by any means, including verbal, audio, video, electronic signals, or data.
• Mandatory cooperation from service providers in surveillance and interception activities.
• Access to government and public databases for intelligence purposes.

While the Bill highlights national security, independence, and sovereignty as its objectives, the provisions raise serious concerns about the right to privacy, freedom of expression, oversight mechanisms, and safeguards against abuse.

To read the full report: click here